Predistorter for compensating linearity of an amplifier

ABSTRACT

A predistorter has a first capacitor, a first bias input circuit, a second bias input circuit, a second capacitor and an impedance conversion circuit. A first end of the first capacitor is coupled to a first node of the amplifier. The impedance conversion circuit has a first resistor and a field-effect transistor (FET) and is used to perform an impedance conversion to provide a variable capacitance. A gate of the FET is coupled to an output end of the first bias input circuit, one of a source and a drain of the FET is coupled to a second end of the first capacitor and a first end of the first resistor, and another of the source and the drain of the FET is coupled to an output end of the second bias input circuit, first end of the second capacitor and a second end of the first resistor.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This patent application is a divisional application of and claimspriority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/805,125, filed on Nov.6, 2017, and entitled “Predistorter for compensating linearity of anamplifier”. Patent application Ser. No. 15/805,125 claims the priorityof Taiwan application No. 106104852 Feb. 15, 2017. The entire contentsof which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention is related to a predistorter, and moreparticularly to a predistorter for compensating linearity of anamplifier.

BACKGROUND

In all kinds of communications systems, linearity is a basic andimportant specification for both transmitters and receivers of thecommunications systems. For the transmitters, amplifiers are importantand necessary components. The communication distance, communicationquality and standby time, etc. of the transmitters are heavilyassociated with the amplifiers.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of anamplifier 100. FIG. 2 is a diagram representing the amplitude distortion(i.e., AM-AM distortion) and phase distortion (i.e., AM-PM distortion)of the amplifier 100. The amplifier 100 is used to amplify the inputsignal Sin to generate an output signal Sout. The amplifier 100comprises a resistor Ra and a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) T1. Theemitter of the BJT T1 is coupled to a ground terminal GND. In FIG. 2, acurve 101 is used to represent the phase distortion of the amplifier100, and another curve 102 is used to represent the amplitude distortionof the amplifier 100. The horizontal axis of the diagram shown in FIG. 2represents the output power Pout of the amplifier 100, and the verticalaxis represents the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of theamplifier 100. The unit of the amplitude distortion is “dB”, and theunit of the phase distortion is “degree”. As shown in FIG. 2, the curve101 is a curve with an upward notch and the curve 102 is a curve with adownward notch so that the phase distortion of the amplifier 100increases as the output power Pout increases and that the amplitudedistortion of the amplifier 100 decreases as the output power Poutincreases. However, since the notches of the curves 101 and 102 arecurved toward different directions, it is difficult to compensate thelinearity of the amplifier 100.

SUMMARY

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a predistorter isused to compensate linearity of an amplifier. The predistorter comprisesa first capacitor, a first bias input circuit and an impedanceconversion circuit. The first capacitor has a first end coupled to afirst node of the amplifier. The first bias input circuit is configuredto receive a first bias. The impedance conversion circuit is configuredto perform an impedance conversion to provide a variable capacitance.The impedance conversion circuit comprises a bipolar junction transistor(BJT). The BJT has a base coupled to an output end of the first biasinput circuit and a second end of the first capacitor, a floatingcollector, and an emitter coupled to a second node of the amplifier.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a predistortercomprises a first capacitor, a first bias input circuit, a second biasinput circuit, a second capacitor and an impedance conversion circuit.The predistorter is used to compensate linearity of an amplifier. Thefirst capacitor has a first end coupled to a first node of theamplifier. The first bias input circuit is configured to receive a firstbias, and the second bias input circuit is configured to receive asecond bias. The impedance conversion circuit is configured to performan impedance conversion to provide a variable capacitance. The impedanceconversion circuit comprises a first resistor and a field-effecttransistor (FET). A gate of the FET is coupled to an output end of thefirst bias input circuit, one of a source and a drain of the FET iscoupled to a second end of the first capacitor and a first end of thefirst resistor, another of the source and the drain of the FET iscoupled to an output end of the second bias input circuit, a first endof the second capacitor and a second end of the first resistor, and asecond end of the second capacitor is coupled to a second node of theamplifier.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a predistorteris used to compensate linearity of an amplifier. The predistortercomprises a first capacitor and an impedance conversion circuit. A firstend of the first capacitor is coupled to a first node of the amplifier.The impedance conversion circuit is configured to perform an impedanceconversion to provide a variable capacitance. The impedance conversioncircuit comprises a first bias input circuit and a diode. The first biasinput circuit is configured to receive a first bias. An anode of thediode is coupled to an output end of the first bias input circuit and asecond end of the first capacitor, and a cathode of the diode is coupledto a second node of the amplifier.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an amplifier.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the amplitude distortion and phasedistortion of the amplifier in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an amplifier according to an embodimentof the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between an output power ofthe amplifier and a bias of a collector of a bipolar junction transistorshown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a predistorter for compensating thelinearity of an amplifier according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter according to an embodimentof the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter according to anotherembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows the relationship between an input power of the amplifierand the constant voltage Vbias.

FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram of an input signal Sin shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram of an output signal Sout shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between a voltage VA andan output power of the amplifier shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the impedance Ron of an impedanceconversion circuit and the output power of the amplifier.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the input power of the amplifierand a voltage Vdet.

FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of a dynamic bias adjusting circuitaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the predistorter shown inFIG. 6, FIG. 7, or FIG. 13.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the voltage VA andthe output power of the amplifier in FIG. 6 when the bias V1 is thevoltage Vdet.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationship between the impedance Ronand the output power of the amplifier in FIG. 6 when the bias V1 is thevoltage Vdet.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a selection circuit according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the predistorter in FIG. 13further comprising the dynamic bias adjusting circuit and the selectioncircuit.

FIGS. 21, 22A and 22B are diagrams respectively illustrating thedifferent positions of the predistorter in the amplifier according todifferent embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter according to anotherembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the predistorter shown inFIG. 23, FIG. 24, or FIG. 25.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Below, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with referenceto accompanying drawings so as to be easily realized by a person havingordinary knowledge in the art. The inventive concept maybe embodied invarious forms without being limited to the exemplary embodiments setforth herein. Descriptions of well-known parts are omitted for clarity,and like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

Please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an amplifier200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The amplifier200 may be a power amplifier, but the present invention is not limitedthereto. The amplifier 200 may be a power amplifier, but the presentinvention is not limited thereto. The amplifier 200 comprises twobipolar junction transistors (BJTs) T1 and T2, and the collector and theemitter of the BJT T2 are coupled to each other so that the amplitudedistortion (i.e. AM-AM distortion) and phase distortion (i.e. AM-PMdistortion) of the amplifier 200 may be increased or decreasedsimultaneously with an output power of the amplifier 200. Please referto FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship betweenthe output power Pout of the amplifier 200 and the bias voltage VR ofthe collector of the BJT T2. The bias voltage VR decreases as the outputpower Pout increases. However, when the BJT T2 is a heterojunctionbipolar transistor (HBT) made of gallium arsenide (GaAs), the depletioncapacitance of the BJT T2 is inversely proportional to the square rootof the bias voltage VR. Therefore, the depletion capacitance of the BJTT2 is less sensitive to the bias voltage VR and causes the impedance ofthe node B to be low. Accordingly, the BJT T2 needs to have asufficiently large volume so that its depletion capacitance would not betoo narrow. However, increasing the volume of the BJT T2 may result in alower gain of the amplifier 200 and a narrower bandwidth.

Please refer to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a predistorter300 for improving the linearity of the amplifier 250 according to anembodiment of the present invention. The amplifier 250 maybe a poweramplifier, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Theamplifier 250 may be, for example, a low noise amplifier. In the presentembodiment, the predistorter 300 and the amplifier 250 in FIG. 5 aredifferent devices for the sake of convenience of explanation. It shouldbe understood that the predistorter 300 may also be integrated into theamplifier 250 and become a part of the amplifier 250. As shown in FIG.5, the predistorter 300 is coupled between the node N1 and the node N2.The node N1 is an input end of the amplifier 250, and the node N2 iscoupled to a reference voltage Vref. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the reference voltage Vref maybe a ground voltage, but thepresent invention is not limited thereto. The amplifier 250 amplifiesthe inputted input signal Sin to generate an output signal Sout. Thepredistorter 300 is used to compensate the linearity of the amplifier250. The compensation of the linearity of the predistorter 300 to theamplifier 250 includes compensation for the amplitude distortion (i.e.,AM-AM Distortion) and the phase distortion (i.e., AM-PM Distortion) ofthe amplifier. Due to the predistorter 300, the amplitude distortion andphase distortion of the amplifier 250 would be increased simultaneouslyor decreased simultaneously with the output power of the amplifier 250.In addition, the predistorter 300 may provide a variable capacitance toadjust the linearity of the amplifier 250. Due to the variablecapacitance provided by the predistorter 300, problems of the amplifier200 shown in FIG. 3, e.g., having a large volume, a low gain and/or anarrow bandwidth, could be reduced or avoided.

Please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter300 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thepredistorter 300 is coupled between the node N1 and the node N2 andcomprises a capacitor C1, an impedance conversion circuit 310 and a biasinput circuit 320. The node N1 is coupled to the base of the BJT T1, andthe bipolar junction transistor T1 is an element of the amplifier 250.The first end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to the first node N1 of theamplifier. The input signal Sin is inputted to the amplifier 250 via asignal amplification path L1 and is amplified by the amplifier 250 as anoutput signal Sout. The predistorter 300 forms a signal split path L2which is different from the signal amplification path L1. Since thesignal shunt path L2 of the predistorter 300 is different from thesignal amplification path L1, and the predistorter 300 isolates thedirect-current (DC) signal by the capacitor C1 to reduce the influenceon the signal amplification path L1, the predistorter 300 may compensatethe linearity of the amplifier 250 in the case where the original designof the amplifier 250 is not changed substantially. In addition, theimpedance conversion circuit 310 is used to perform an impedanceconversion to provide the variable capacitance to the amplifier 250 soas to adjust the linearity of the amplifier 250. The bias input circuit320 is used to receive the bias V1. The impedance conversion circuit 310comprises a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) Q1. The BJT Q1 and thecapacitor C1 are provided on the signal split path L2. The base of theBJT Q1 is coupled to the output end of the bias input circuit 320 andthe second end of the capacitor C1. The collector of the BJT Q1 isfloating, the emitter of the BJT Q1 is coupled to the node N2, and thenode N2 is coupled to the reference voltage Vref.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the BJT Q1 may bereplaced by a diode. Please refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagramof a predistorter 300′ according to another embodiment of the presentinvention. The difference between the predistorters 300′and 300 is thatthe transistor Q1 of the predistorter 300 is replaced by the diode D1.The anode of the diode D1 is substantially equivalent to the base of thetransistor Q1, and the cathode of the diode is substantially equivalentto the emitter of the transistor Q1. The diode D1 and the capacitor C1are provided on the signal split path L2. Compared with the transistorQ1, the diode D1 may occupy a larger layout area.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the bias V1 in FIGS. 6 and 7is a constant voltage Vbias whose voltage level does not change with theinput signal Sin or the input power of the amplifier 250. In anembodiment of the present invention, the constant voltage Vbias maybeselected from a plurality of fixed voltage levels. Please refer to FIG.8. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input powerPin of the amplifier 250 and the constant voltage Vbias. The constantvoltage Vbias is selected from the fixed voltages Vb1 to Vbn. As shownin FIG. 7, the voltage levels of the voltages Vb1 to Vbn do not changewith the input power Pin of the amplifier 250. The degree of adjustingthe linearity of the amplifier 250 may be affected by the magnitude ofthe constant voltage Vbias (i.e., the bias V1). Therefore, by selectingan appropriate voltage from the voltages Vb1 to Vbn as the constantvoltage Vbias, the linearity of the amplifier 250 can be finely adjustedto meet different design demands of different amplifiers.

Please refer to FIG. 6. In the present embodiment, the bias V1 is apositive voltage having a fixed voltage level. Since the collector ofthe BJT Q1 is floating, the BJT Q1 can be regarded as a forward biaseddiode having a clipping function. Please refer to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9is a waveform diagram of the input signal Sin, and FIG. 10 is a waveformdiagram of the output signal Sout. For the sake of the convenience ofexplanation, the input signal Sin is represented by a sine wave, but itshould be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto,and the input signal Sin may be a radio frequency (RF) signal having adifferent waveform. Since the BJT Q1 has the clipping function, the peakof the output signal Sout does not exceed an upper limit VL1. Therefore,when the input signal Sin is a sine wave, the output signal Sout may notbe a sine wave. Since the BJT Q1 has the clipping function, theimpedance Ron of the impedance conversion circuit 310 would be affected.Due to the impedance conversion, the variable capacitance provided bythe impedance conversion circuit 310 is related to the impedance Ron.Please refer to FIGS. 11 and 12. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing therelationship between the voltage VA and the output power Pout of theamplifier 250 in FIG. 6. FIG. 12 shows the relationship between theimpedance Ron of the impedance conversion circuit 310 and the outputpower Pout of the amplifier 250. When the output power Pout of theamplifier 250 increases, the voltage VA decreases and the impedance Ronincreases. Since the predistorter 300 has the foresaid characteristics,the predistorter 300 is suitable for solving the problems of AM-AMdistortion and for improving the linearity of the amplifier.

Please refer to FIG. 6 again. In another embodiment of the presentinvention, the bias input circuit 320 may comprise a resistor R2. Afirst end of the resistor R2 is used to input the bias V1 and a secondend of the resistor R2 is coupled to the output end of the bias inputcircuit 320. The resistor R2 has a fixed resistance, and the resistanceof the resistor R2 can be determined based on different design demandsof the amplifiers. When the resistor R2 with a large resistance isselected, the impedance Ron is also relatively large. When the resistorR2 with a less resistance is selected, the impedance Ron is relativelysmaller.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the BJT Q1 may be aheterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT). In other embodiments of thepresent invention, the BJT Q1 may be a homogeneous bipolar transistor.

Please refer to FIG. 13. FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thepredistorter 400 is also coupled between the node N1 and the node N2,and comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an impedance conversioncircuit 410, a bias input circuit 420 and a bias input circuit 430. Thefirst end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to the node N1. The bias inputcircuit 420 is used to input the bias V1, and the bias input circuit 430is used to input the bias V2. The impedance conversion circuit 410 isused to perform an impedance conversion so as to provide a variablecapacitance. The impedance conversion circuit 410 comprises a resistorR1 and a field effect transistor (FET) M1. The gate of the FET M1 iscoupled to the output end of the bias input circuit 420. One of thesource and the drain of the FET M1 is coupled to the second end of thecapacitor C1 and the second end of the resistor R1, and another of thesource and the drain of the FET M1 is coupled to the output end of thebias input circuit 430, a first end of the capacitor C2 and a second endof the first resistor R1. A second end of the capacitor C2 is coupled tothe node N2 of the amplifier, and the node N2 is coupled to thereference voltage Vref.

In the present embodiment, the bias V1 is a constant voltage Vbias whosevoltage level does not change with the input signal Sin or the inputpower of the amplifier, and the bias V2 is the voltage Vdet whosevoltage level changes with the input signal Sin or the input power ofthe amplifier. Please refer to FIG. 14. FIG. 14 shows the relationshipbetween the input power of the amplifier and a voltage Vdet. Greater theinput power Pin of the amplifier is, greater the voltage Vdet will be.The impedance conversion circuit 410 may be also regarded as a forwardbiased diode having the function of truncation. Since the relationshipbetween the voltage VA of the predistorter 400 and the output power Poutof the amplifier could be represented by FIG. 11, and the relationshipbetween the impedance Ron of the predistorter 400 and the output powerPout of the amplifier could be represented by FIG. 12, the descriptionsthereof would not be repeated herein. The variable capacitance provideby the impedance conversion circuit 410 is related to the impedance Ron.

The voltage Vdet may be generated by the dynamic bias adjusting circuit500 of the predistorter 400. Please refer to FIG. 15. FIG. 15 is acircuit diagram of a dynamic bias adjusting circuit 500 according to anembodiment of the present invention. The dynamic bias adjusting circuit500 is coupled to an input end (e.g., node N1) of the amplifier fordynamically adjusting the magnitude of the voltage Vdet according to theinput power of the amplifier. An input end 531 of the dynamic biasadjusting circuit 500 receives the input signal Sin, and an output end532 of the dynamic bias adjusting circuit 500 outputs the voltage Vdet.The dynamic bias adjusting circuit 500 comprises a resistive capacitancecircuit 510, a transistor T, a resistive capacitance circuit 520, and anoperational amplifier OP1. An input end of the resistive capacitancecircuit 510 is coupled to the input end N1 of the amplifier. Thetransistor T may be a BJT. The collector (i.e., a first end) of the BJTT is coupled to the system voltage Vbat, the base (i.e., a control end)of the BJT T is coupled to the output end of the resistive capacitorcircuit 510, and the emitter (i.e., a second end) of the BJT T iscoupled to the input end of the resistive capacitor circuit 520. Thesystem voltage Vbat is, for example, the output voltage of the battery,and the system voltage Vbat is usually higher than the reference voltageVref. The resistive capacitance circuit 520 is coupled between thereference voltage Vref and the emitter of the BJT T. A positive inputend of the operational amplifier OP1 is coupled to the emitter of theBJT T, a negative input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is coupledto an output end of the operational amplifier OP1, and the output end ofthe operational amplifier OP1 outputs the voltage Vdet.

Please refer to FIG. 13 again. In an embodiment of the presentinvention, the bias input circuit 420 comprises a resistor R2, and thebias input circuit 430 comprises a resistor R3. The first end of theresistor R2 receives the bias V1, and the second end of the resistor R2is coupled to the output end of the bias input circuit 420. The firstend of the resistor R3 receives the bias V2, and the second end of theresistor R3 is coupled to the output end of the bias input circuit 430.

Please refer to FIG. 16. FIG. 16 is an equivalent circuit diagram of thepredistorter 300, 300′ or 400 shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, or FIG. 13.Taking the predistorter 400 in FIG. 13 for example, the predistorter 400may be regarded in parallel with the input stage circuit and the outputstage circuit of the amplifier. The input stage circuit of the amplifierhas an impedance IM1, and the output stage circuit of the amplifier hasan impedance IM2. The predistorter 400 comprises a capacitor C1 and theimpedance conversion circuit 410. The impedance conversion circuit 410is used to perform an impedance conversion so as to provide a variableresistor R. An impedance Z is the interstage matching impedance andcould be represented by inductance or capacitance. A capacitor C2 existsbetween the source of the FET M1 and the reference voltage Vref.Equivalent circuit diagrams of the predistorters 300 and 300′ in FIGS. 6and 7 are similar to the diagram illustrated in FIG. 16. In detail,after removing the capacitor C2 in FIG. 16, one end of the variableresistor R is directly coupled to the reference voltage Vref, that is,the equivalent circuit diagram of the predistorters 300 and 300′.

Compared with the impedance Ron which increases with the output powerPout, the impedance Ron of the predistorter according to anotherembodiment of the present invention may decrease as the output powerPout increases. Please refer to FIG. 6 again. When the bias V1 in FIG. 6is changed to be the voltage Vdet whose voltage level varies with theinput signal Sin or the input power of the amplifier, the impedance Rondecreases while the output power Pout increases. Please refer to FIGS.17 and 18. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between thevoltage VA and the output power of the amplifier in FIG. 6 when the biasV1 is the voltage Vdet. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationshipbetween the impedance Ron and the output power of the amplifier in FIG.6 when the bias V1 is the voltage Vdet. When the output power Pout ofthe amplifier 250 increases, the voltage VA increases, and the impedanceRon decreases. Therefore, the impedance characteristic of thepredistorter 300 can be changed by setting the bias V1 to the constantvoltage Vbias or to the voltage Vdet to adjust and compensate thelinearity of the amplifier in different directions.

Similarly, when the bias V1 of the predistorter 400 in FIG. 13 is thevoltage Vdet and the bias V2 is the constant voltage Vbias, the voltageVA of the predistorter 400 increases when the output power Pout of theamplifier 250 increases, and the impedance Ron of the predistorter 400decreases when the output power Pout of the amplifier 250 increases. Theimpedance characteristic of the predistorter 400 can be changed bysetting the bias V1 to one of the constant voltage Vbias and the voltageVdet and by setting the bias V2 to another of the constant voltage Vbiasand the voltage Vdet, such that the linearity of the amplifier could beadjusted and compensated in different directions. Since the predistorter400 has the foresaid characteristics, when the bias V1 is the constantvoltage Vbias and the bias V2 is the voltage Vdet (or when the bias V1is the voltage Vdet and the bias V2 is the constant voltage Vbias), thecompensator 400 is suitable for solving the problems of AM-AM distortionand for improving the linearity of the amplifier.

In order to facilitate switching the constant voltage Vbias and thevoltage Vdet, the aforementioned predistorter 300 or 400 may furthercomprise a selection circuit 550. Please refer to FIGS. 19 and 20. FIG.19 is a schematic diagram of a selection circuit 550 according to anembodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 is a schematic diagramshowing the predistorter 400 in FIG. 13 further comprising the dynamicbias adjusting circuit 500 and the selection circuit 550. The selectioncircuit 550 comprises a first input end IN1, a second input end IN2, afirst output end O1, a second output end O2, and a control end P1. Thefirst input end IN1 receives the constant voltage Vbias. The secondinput end IN2 receives the voltage Vdet. The first output end O1 iscoupled to the input end of the bias input circuit 420 to provide thebias V1. The second output end O2 is coupled to the input end of thebias input circuit 430 to provide the bias V2. The control end P1receives a selection control signal Sc. When the selection controlsignal Sc is at a first voltage level (e.g., a high voltage level), theselection circuit 550 couples the first input end IN1 to the firstoutput end O1 and couples the second input end IN2 to the second outputend O2. When the selection control signal Sc is at a second voltagelevel (e.g., a low voltage level), the selection circuit 550 couples thefirst input end IN1 to the second output end O2 and couples the secondinput end IN2 to the first output end O1. Accordingly, the bias V1 isdetermined to be the constant voltage Vbias or the voltage Vdet. Whenthe bias V1 is the constant voltage Vbias, the bias V2 is the voltageVdet. When the bias V1 is the voltage Vdet, the bias V2 is the constantvoltage Vbias. Therefore, with the help of the selection circuit 550, itis more convenient to switch the constant voltage Vbias and the voltageVdet.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the selection circuit of thepredistorters 300 may has a first input end, a second input, an outputend, and a control end. The first input end receives the constantvoltage Vbias, the second input end receives the voltage Vdet, theoutput end is coupled to an input end of the bias input circuit 320 toprovide the bias V1, and the control end receives the selection controlsignal Sc. When the selection control signal Sc is at a first voltagelevel (e.g., a high voltage level), the selection circuit couples thefirst input end to the output end; when the selection control signal Scis at a second voltage level (e.g., a low voltage level), the selectioncircuit couples the second input end to the output end. In anotherembodiment of the present invention, the predistorters 300 may furthercomprise dynamic bias adjusting circuit 500 shown in FIG. 15.

In the above embodiments, the predistorters 300 and 400 are providedbetween the nodes N1 and N2 of the amplifier, where the node N1 may bethe input end of the amplifier and the node N2 may provide the referencevoltage Vref, as shown in FIG. 5. However, the present invention is notlimited thereto. Please refer to FIGS. 21, 22A and 22B. FIGS. 21, 22Aand 22B are diagrams respectively illustrating the different positionsof the predistorter 300 and 400 in the amplifier according to differentembodiments of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 21, thenode N1 is one end of the bias circuit 582 of the amplifier 580, and thenode N2 is coupled to the reference voltage Vref. In the embodiment ofFIG. 22A, the node N1 is coupled to an output end of a first ordercircuit 630 of the amplifier 570A and the node N2 is coupled to an inputend of a second order circuit 640 of the amplifier 570A. The first ordercircuit 630 and the second order circuit 640 are used to amplify theinput signal Sin twice so as to output the output signal Sout. In theembodiment of FIG. 22B, the node N2 is coupled to an output end of afirst order circuit 630 of the amplifier 570B and the node N1 is coupledto an input end of a second order circuit 640 of the amplifier 570B.

Please refer to FIG. 23. FIG. 23 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter600 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thepredistorter 600 is coupled between the first order circuit 630 and thesecond order circuit 640 of the amplifier. The first order circuit 630and the second order circuit 640 have impedances IM1 and IM2respectively. The predistorter 600 comprises a bias input circuit 620, acapacitor C1, a capacitor C2, and an impedance conversion circuit 610.The bias input circuit 620 is used to input the constant voltage Vbias.The first end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to the output end of thefirst order circuit 630, and the second end of the capacitor C2 iscoupled to the input end of the second order circuit 640. The impedanceconversion circuit 610 is used to perform an impedance conversion so asto provide the variable capacitance, and may also provide a variableresistance R at the same time. The impedance conversion circuit 610comprises a resistor R1 and a BJT Q1. A second end of the resistor R1 iscoupled to the reference voltage Vref. The base of the BJT Q1 is coupledto the output end of the first bias input circuit 620 and a second endof the capacitor C1. The collector of the BJT Q1 is floating. Theemitter of the BJT Q1 is coupled to a first end of the resistor R1 and afirst end of the capacitor C2. In the present embodiment, the constantvoltage Vbias is a fixed positive voltage. Since the collector of theBJT Q1 is floating, the BJT Q1 can be regarded as a forward biased diodehaving the clipping function. The compensation for the linear of thepredistorter 600 is similar to the compensation for the linear of thepredistorter 300 and could also be used to adjust the interstagematching impedance so as to achieve better linearity.

In another embodiment, a diode may be used to replace the BJT Q1 in FIG.23. Please refer to FIG. 24. FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram of apredistorter 600′ according to another embodiment of the presentinvention. The difference between the predistorters 600′ and 600 is thatthe transistor Q1 of the predistorter 600 is replaced by the diode D1.The anode of the diode D1 is substantially equal to the base of thetransistor Q1, and the cathode of the diode is substantially equal tothe emitter of the transistor Q1. As compared with the transistor Q1 inFIG. 23, the diode D1 in FIG. 24 may occupy a larger layout area.

Please refer to FIG. 25. FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram of a predistorter700 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thepredistorter 700 is coupled between the first order circuit 630 and thesecond order circuit 640 of the amplifier. The first order circuit 630and the second order circuit 640 have impedances IM1 and IM2respectively. The predistorter 700 comprises a bias input circuit 720, abias input circuit 730, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, and an impedanceconversion circuit 710. The bias input circuit 720 receives the bias V1,and the bias input circuit 730 receives the bias V2. The biases V1 andV2 may be the constant voltage Vbias and the voltage Vdet. In detail,when the bias V1 is the constant voltage Vbias, the bias V2 is thevoltage Vdet. When the bias V1 is the voltage Vdet, the bias V2 is theconstant voltage Vbias. The second end of the capacitor C2 is coupled tothe output end of the first order circuit 630 via the node N2, and thefirst end of the capacitor C1 is coupled to the input end of the secondorder circuit 640 via the node N1. The impedance conversion circuit 710is used to perform an impedance conversion so as to provide a variablecapacitance, and may also provide a variable resistance R at the sametime. The impedance conversion circuit 710 comprises a resistor R1 andan FET M1. The gate of the FET M1 is coupled to the output end of thebias input circuit 720. One of the source and the drain of the FET M2 iscoupled to the output end of the bias input circuit 730, a first end ofthe capacitor C2 and a second end of the resistor R1. Another of thesource and the drain of the FET M2 is coupled to a second end of thecapacitor C1 and a first end of the resistor R1. The compensation forthe linear of the predistorter 700 is similar to the compensation forthe linear of the predistorter 400. When the bias V1 is the constantvoltage Vbias and the bias V2 is the voltage Vdet (or when the bias V1is the voltage Vdet and the bias V2 is a constant voltage Vbias), thepredistorter 700 is suitable for reducing the amplitude distortion ofthe amplifier and improving the linearity of the amplifier.

Please refer to FIG. 26. FIG. 26 is an equivalent circuit diagram of thepredistorter 600, 600′ or 700 shown in FIG. 23, FIG. 24, or FIG. 25.Taking the predistorter 600 in FIG. 23 for example, the first ordercircuit 630 and the second order circuit 640 have the resistances IM1and IM2 respectively. The predistorter 600 is coupled between the firstorder circuit 630 and the second order circuit 640 of the amplifier andcomprises a bias input circuit 620, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, andan impedance conversion circuit 610. The impedance conversion circuit610 is used to perform an impedance conversion so as to provide avariable resistance R. An impedance Z is the interstage matchingimpedance and could be represented by inductance or capacitance.Similarly, the equivalent circuit diagrams of the predistorters 600′ and700 in FIGS. 24 and 25 could be also represented by the equivalentcircuit diagram shown in FIG. 26.

The predistorters according to the embodiments of the present inventioncan compensate the linearity of the amplifiers. The predistorter has animpedance conversion circuit for performing an impedance conversion toprovide a variable capacitance, and problems of the amplifiers having alarge volume, a low gain and/or a narrow bandwidth could be reduced oravoided.

Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerousmodifications and alterations of the device and method may be made whileretaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the abovedisclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and boundsof the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A predistorter for compensating linearity of anamplifier, the predistorter comprising: a first capacitor having a firstend coupled to a first node of the amplifier; a first bias input circuitconfigured to receive a first bias; a second bias input circuitconfigured to receive a second bias; a second capacitor; and animpedance conversion circuit configured to perform an impedanceconversion to provide a variable capacitance, the impedance conversioncircuit comprising: a first resistor; and a field-effect transistor(FET); wherein a gate of the FET is coupled to an output end of thefirst bias input circuit, one of a source and a drain of the FET iscoupled to a second end of the first capacitor and a first end of thefirst resistor, another of the source and the drain of the FET iscoupled to an output end of the second bias input circuit, a first endof the second capacitor and a second end of the first resistor, and asecond end of the second capacitor is coupled to a second node of theamplifier.
 2. The predistorter of claim 1, wherein the first node is aninput end of the amplifier, and the second node is coupled to areference voltage.
 3. The predistorter of claim 1, wherein the firstnode is an end of a bias circuit of the amplifier, and the second nodeis coupled to a reference voltage.
 4. The predistorter of claim 1,wherein the first node is coupled to an output end of a first ordercircuit of the amplifier, and the second node is coupled to an input endof a second order circuit of the amplifier.
 5. The predistorter of claim1, wherein one of the first bias and the second bias is a constantvoltage, and another of the first bias and the second bias is variedwith an input power of the amplifier.
 6. The predistorter of claim 1further comprising a selection circuit configured to select the firstbias from a first voltage and a second voltage, wherein the firstvoltage is a constant voltage, and the second voltage is varied with aninput power of the amplifier.
 7. The predistorter of claim 6, whereinthe selection circuit comprises: a first input end configured to receivethe first voltage; a second input end configured to receive the secondvoltage; and a first output end, coupled to an input end of the firstbias input circuit to provide the first bias; a second output end,coupled to an input end of the second bias input circuit to provide thesecond bias; and a control end configured to receive a selection controlsignal; wherein when the selection control signal is at a first voltagelevel, the selection circuit couples the first input end to the firstoutput end and couples the second input end to the second output end;and wherein when the selection control signal is at a second voltagelevel, the selection circuit couples the first input end to the secondoutput end and couples the second input end to the first output end. 8.The predistorter of claim 6 further comprising a dynamic bias adjustingcircuit coupled to an input end of the amplifier and configured todynamically adjust the second voltage according to the input power ofthe amplifier.
 9. The predistorter of claim 8, wherein the dynamic biasadjusting circuit comprises: a first resistor-capacitor circuit havingan input end coupled to the input end of the amplifier; a transistorhaving a first end coupled to a system voltage, and a control endcoupled to an output end of the first resistor-capacitor circuit; asecond resistor-capacitor circuit, coupled between a reference voltageand a second end of the transistor; and an operational amplifier havinga first input end coupled to the second end of the transistor, a secondinput end, and an output end coupled to the second end of theoperational amplifier and configured to output the second voltage. 10.The predistorter of claim 1, wherein the first bias input circuitcomprises a second resistor, and the second bias input circuit comprisesa third resistor; wherein a first end of the second resistor receivesthe first bias, and a second end of the second resistor is coupled tothe output end of the first bias input circuit; and wherein a first endof the third resistor receives the second bias, and a second end of thethird resistor is coupled to the output end of the second bias inputcircuit.